Resilience assessment of electrified road networks subject to charging station failures

The number of electric vehicles (EVs) and charging facilities is expected to increase significantly in the near future, further coupling existing transportation system with power system. This may bring new stresses risks such a systems. paper presents mathematical framework analyze resilience an electrified road network (ERN) subject potential failures its supporting fast-charging stations (FCSs). Within this framework, novel linear optimization model proposed for first time solve optimal dynamic traffic assignment problem ERN. characteristics considered modeling include location, capacity, speed FCSs, as well driving range, time, state charge (SoC) EVs. based on cell transmission model. It used first-stage assign under normal FCS operations. A second-stage is, then, extended minimize total travel after stochastic occurrence failures, that failure recovery phases. Two metrics are quantify ERN performance impacts failures. numerical example studied illustrate usefulness analyzing resilience. results show deploying FCSs highway entrances maintaining their operation relevant factors enhance system's analysis can provide guidelines operators effective management identify resilience-critical improvement.